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TCP : Active & Passive Connection

TCP : Active & Passive Connection

Owned by thierry sinassamy
Last updated: Oct 27, 2023
1 min read

TCP is a connection-oriented protocol. It means that the involved machines must create a connection before exchanging data. Opening a TCP connection includes exchanging control messages between the machine that starts and the machine that waits for a communication.

3-Way handshaking process

First, the client sends an SYN message to the server. Then, if the server is available, it responds to the client with an SYN-ACK. Thus, the client confirms the SYN-ACK by sending an ACK to the server. Finally, the connection is established, and the machines can exchange data.

Active & Passive Connections

Potential Connection Problems : These problems are mostly related to errors during the transmission of SYN and ACK messages.

  1. Failed Connection Attempts: this problem happens when a socket sending or receiving an SYN packet goes to an uncommon state during the connection.

  2. Bad Segments Received: this problem occurs in several situations when requests are corrupted or spoofed.